Hepatotoxicity

A range of hepatotoxicity conditions are caused by chemotherapy, occurring because of unforeseen or idiosyncratic reactions (Wilkes [268]). Symptoms present 1–4 weeks after chemotherapy administration and occur more frequently following multiple treatments. Damage seems to manifest in the parenchymal cells of the liver causing obstruction to hepatic blood flow and consequent fatty change, cholestasis, hepatitis, hepatocellular necrosis and veno‐occlusive disease (Wilkes [268]). Assessment includes liver function tests, abdominal examination and visual inspection for jaundice, petechiae, skin rash and ecchymosis (Khalili et al. [125]). Although hepatic toxicity is uncommon it can have serious consequences ranging from a short duration of altered liver function tests to permanent cirrhosis. Therefore, careful monitoring of liver function throughout chemotherapy treatment is imperative to detect changes and prevent further problems (Wilkes [268]).