Bibliography for Chapter 15: Medicines optimization: ensuring quality and safety

References

1 Absalom, A. & Struys, M. (2006) An Overview of TCI & TIVA. Ghent, Belgium: Academia Press. | Cite this reference
2 Ackermann, M., Maier, S., Ing, H. & Bonnabry, P. (2007) Evaluation of the design and reliability of three elastomeric and one mechanical infusers. Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice, 13(2), 77–84. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
3 Agius, C.R. (2012) Intelligent infusion technologies: Integration of a smart system to enhance patient care. Journal of Infusion Nursing, 35(6), 364–368. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
4 Aldridge, M. (2010) Miscellaneous routes of medication administration. In: Jevon, P., Payne, L., Higgins, D. & Endecott, R. (eds) Medicines Management: A Guide for Nurses. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, pp.239–261. Cross Ref link | Cite this reference
5 Alexander, M., Fawcett, J. & Runciman P. (2007) Nursing Practice: Hospital and Home, 3rd edn. London: Churchill Livingstone. | Cite this reference
6 Alexander, M., King, J., Lingaratnam, S., et al. (2014) A survey of manufacturing and handling practices for monoclonal antibodies (MABs) by pharmacy, nursing and medical personnel. Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice, 22(2), 219–227. | Cite this reference
7 Amoore, J. & Adamson, L. (2003) Infusion devices: Characteristics, limitations and risk management. Nursing Standard, 17(28), 45–52. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
8 Amoore, J., Dewar, D., Ingram, P. & Lowe, D. (2001) Syringe pumps and start up time: Ensuring safe practice. Nursing Standard, 15(17), 43–45. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
9 Andrew, S. (2006) Pharmacology. In: Marsden, J. (ed) Ophthalmic Care. Chichester: Whurr, pp.42–65. | Cite this reference
10 Antipuesto, D.J. (2010) Z‐Track Method. Nursing Crib, 13 October. Available at: https://nursingcrib.com/nursing‐notes‐reviewer/fundamentals‐of‐nursing/z‐track‐method
11 Armitage, G. (2009) The risks of double checking. Nursing Times 16(2), 30–35. | Cite this reference
12 Aronson, J. (2009) Medication errors: Definitions and classification. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 67(6), 599–604. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
13 Aronson, J. (ed) (2016) Meyler's Side Effects of Drugs: The International Encyclopedia of Adverse Drug Reactions and Interactions, 16th edn. Philadelphia: Elsevier Science. | Cite this reference
14 Aronson, J. (2017) Medicines reconciliation. BMJ, 356, i5336. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
15 ASHP (American Society of Hospital Pharmacists) (1982) ASHP standard definition of a medication error. American Journal of Hospital Pharmacy, 3(2), 321. | Cite this reference
16 Aulton, M.E. & Taylor, K.M.G. (eds) (2018) Aulton's Pharmaceutics: The Design and Manufacture of Medicines. Edinburgh: Elsevier. | Cite this reference
17 Bailey, F. & Harman, S. (2018) Palliative care: The last hours and days of life. UpToDate. Available at: https://www.uptodate.com/contents/palliative‐care‐the‐last‐hours‐and‐days‐of‐life
18 Barnett, N. & Parmar, P. (2018) How to tailor medication formulations for patients with dysphagia. Pharmaceutical Journal, 297(7892). DOI: . Cross Ref link | Cite this reference
19 Barton, A., Fuller, R. & Dudley, N. (2004) Using subcutaneous fluids to rehydrate older people: Current practices and future challenges. Quarterly Journal of Medicine, 97(11), 765–768. Cross Ref link | Cite this reference
20 Barua, P. & Bhowmick, B. (2005) Hypodermoclysis: A victim of historical prejudice. Age and Ageing, 34(3), 215–217. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
21 Beijer, H.J. & de Blaey, C.J. (2002) Hospitalisations caused by adverse drug reactions (ADR): A meta‐analysis of observational studies. Pharmacy World & Science, 24(2), 46–54. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
22 Beijnen, J.H. & Schellens, J.H.M. (2004) Drug interactions in oncology. Lancet Oncology, 5, 489–496. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
23 Bertelli, G. (1995) Prevention and management of extravasation of cytotoxic drugs. Drug Safety, 12(4), 245–255. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
24 Block, B.M., Liu, S., Rowlingson, A., et al. (2003) Efficacy of postoperative analgesia: A meta‐analysis. JAMA, 290, 2455–2463. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
25 BNF (British National Formulary) (2019a) British National Formulary. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Available at: https://bnf.nice.org.uk | Cite this reference
26 BNF (2019b) British National Formulary for Children. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Available at: https://bnfc.nice.org.uk
27 Bonsell, L. (2011) 8 Rights of Medication Administration. Available at: www.nursingcenter.com/Blog/post/2011/05/27/8‐rights‐of‐medication‐administration.aspx
28 Boulanger, J., Ducharme, A., Dufour, A., et al. (2015) Management of extravasation of anti‐neoplastic agents. Support Cancer Care, 23, 1459–1471. Cross Ref link | Cite this reference
29 Brady, A.M., Malone, A.M. & Fleming, S. (2009) A literature review of the individual and systems factors that contribute to medication errors in nursing practice. Journal of Nursing Management, 17(6), 679–697. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
30 Breland, B. (2010) Continuous quality improvement using intelligent infusion pump data analysis. American Journal of Health‐System Pharmacy, 67, 1446–1455. | Cite this reference
31 British Pharmacopoeia (2019) British Pharmacopoeia. Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency. Available at: https://www.pharmacopoeia.com/BP2019
32 Broadhurst, D. (2012) Transition to an elastomeric infusion pump in home care: An evidence‐based approach. Journal of Infusion Nursing, 35(3), 143–151. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
33 Brown, J., Moss, H. & Elliot, T. (1997) The potential for catheter microbial contamination from a needleless connector. Journal of Hospital Infection, 36(3), 181–189. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
34 Bruera, E., Higginson, I., von Gunten, C.F. & Morita, T. (eds) (2015) Textbook of Palliative Medicine and Supportive Care, 2nd edn. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. | Cite this reference
35 BTS (British Thoracic Society) & SIGN (Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network) (2016) British Guideline for the Management of Asthma. Edinburgh: Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network. | Cite this reference
36 Buter, J., Steele, K.T., Chung, K.C. & Elzinga, K. (2019) Extravasation injury from chemotherapy and other non‐antineoplastic vesicants. UpToDate. Available at: https://www.uptodate.com/contents/extravasation‐injury‐from‐chemotherapy‐and‐other‐non‐antineoplastic‐vesicants/print
37 Camp‐Sorrell, D. & Cope, D. (2011) Oncology Nursing Society Access Device Guidelines: Recommendations for Nursing Practice and Education. Pittsburgh: Oncology Nursing Society. | Cite this reference
38 Chan, H. (2001) Effects of injection duration on site‐pain intensity and bruising associated with subcutaneous heparin. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 35(6), 882–892. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
39 Chernecky, C., Infortuna, H. & Macklin, D. (2005) Saunders Nursing Survival Guide: Drug Calculations and Drug Administration, 2nd edn. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders. | Cite this reference
40 Chung, J.W., Ng, W.M. & Wong, T.K. (2002) An experimental study on the use of manual pressure to reduce pain in intramuscular injection. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 11, 457–461. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
41 Cocoman, A. & Murray, J. (2010) Recognizing the evidence and changing practice on injection sites. British Journal of Nursing, 19(18), 1170–1174. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
42 Conroy, S., Davar, Z. & Jones, S. (2012) Use of checking systems in medicines administration with children and young people. Nursing Children & Young People, 24(3), 20–24. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
43 Constans, T., Dutertre, J. & Froge, E. (1991) Hypodermoclysis in dehydrated elderly patients: Local effects with and without hyaluronidase. Journal of Palliative Care, 7(2), 10–12. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
44 Controlled Drugs (Supervision of Management and Use) Regulations (2006) Available at: www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/3148/contents/made
45 Controlled Drugs (Supervision of Management and Use) Regulations (2013) Available at: https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2013/373/contents/made
46 Council of the European Communities (1993) Council Directive 93/42/EEC of 14 June 1993 concerning Medical Devices. Available at: https://eur‐lex.europa.eu/legal‐content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A31993L0042
47 Cousins, D.H., Gerrett, D. & Warner, B. (2012) A review of medication incidents reported to the National Reporting and Learning System in England and Wales over 6 years (2005–2010). British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 74(4), 597–604. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
48 CQC (Care Quality Commission) (2018a) Administering Medicines Covertly. Available at: https://www.cqc.org.uk/guidance‐providers/adult‐social‐care/administering‐medicines‐covertly
49 CQC (2018b) Self‐Administered Medicines in Care Homes. Available at: https://www.cqc.org.uk/guidance‐providers/adult‐social‐care/self‐administered‐medicines‐care‐homes
50 Cross, R., Bennett, P.N., Ockerby, C., et al. (2017) Nurses’ attitudes toward the single checking of medications. Worldviews on Evidence‐Based Nursing, 14(4), 274–281. Cross Ref link | Cite this reference
51 Dann, T.C. (1969) Routine skin preparation before injection: An unnecessary procedure. Lancet, 294(7611), 96–97. Cross Ref link | Cite this reference
52 Danzig, L.E., Short, L., Collins, K., et al. (1995) Bloodstream infections associated with a needleless intravenous infusion system in patients receiving home infusion therapy. JAMA, 273(23), 1862–1864. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
53 Dawkins, L., Britton, D., Johnson, I., et al. (2000) A randomised trial of winged Vialon cannulae and metal butterfly needles. International Journal of Palliative Nursing, 6(3), 110–116. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
54 De Leon, A. & Wong, C. (2017) Spinal anesthesia: Technique. UpToDate. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/spinal‐anesthesia‐technique
55 de Vries, E.N., Ramrattan, M.A., Smorenburg, S.M., et al. (2008) The incidence and nature of in‐hospital adverse events: A systematic review. Quality & Safety in Health Care, 17(3), 216–223. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
56 Dennison, R.D. (2007) A medication safety education program to reduce the risk of harm caused by medication errors. Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing, 38(4), 176–184. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
57 Department of Health (Northern Ireland) (2006) Controls Assurance Standards: Medical Devices and Equipment Management. Previously available at: www.dhsspsni.gov.uk/medical_device_and_equipment_management_‐_version_2008_‐_pdf.pdf
58 DH (Department of Health) (2000a) An Organisation with a Memory. London: Department of Health. | Cite this reference
59 DH (2000b) Patient Group Directions [HSC 2000/026]. London: Health and Safety Commission. | Cite this reference
60 DH (2003a) Supplementary Prescribing by Nurses and Pharmacists within the NHS in England: A Guide for Implementation. London: NHS. | Cite this reference
61 DH (2003b) Building a Safer NHS for Patients: Improving Medication Safety. London: Department of Health. | Cite this reference
62 DH (2003c) Winning Ways: Working Together to Reduce Healthcare‐Associated Infection in England. London: Department of Health. | Cite this reference
63 DH (2006) Safer Management of Controlled Drugs (CDs): Changes to Record Keeping Requirements Guidance for Implementation. London: Department of Health. | Cite this reference
64 DH (2007) Safer Management of Controlled Drugs: A Guide to Good Practice in Secondary Care (England). London: Department of Health. | Cite this reference
65 DH (2008) Updated National Guidance on the Safe Administration of Intrathecal Chemotherapy [HSC 2008/001]. Available at: https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20130104235816/http://www.dh.gov.uk/prod_consum_dh/groups/dh_digitalassets/documents/digitalasset/dh_086844.pdf
66 DH (2009) Changes to Medicines Legislation to Enable Mixing of Medicines Prior to Administration in Clinical Practice. London: Department of Health. | Cite this reference
67 DH (2018) Cannabis Scheduling Review Part 1: The Therapeutic and Medicinal Benefits of Cannabis‐Based Products. Available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/cannabis‐scheduling‐review‐part‐1
68 DHSS (Department of Health and Social Security) (1976) Health Services Development: Addition of Drugs to Intravenous Fluids [HC(76)9; Breckenridge Report]. Available at: https://www.sps.nhs.uk/wp‐content/uploads/2019/04/HC769‐Health‐Services‐Development‐Additon‐of‐Drugs‐to‐IV‐Fluids‐The‐Breckenridge‐Report‐DH‐1976‐1.pdf
69 Dickerson, R.J. (1992) 10 tips for easing the pain of intramuscular injections. Nursing, 22(8), 55. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
70 Dickman, A., Schneider, J. & Varga, J. (2016) The Syringe Driver: Continuous Subcutaneous Infusions in Palliative Care, 4th edn. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Cross Ref link | Cite this reference
71 Dionyssiou, D., Chantes, A., Gravvanis, A., et al. (2011) The wash‐out technique in the management of delayed presentations of extravasation injuries. Journal of Hand Surgery, 36(1), 66–69. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
72 Doellman, D., Hadaway, L., Bowe‐Geddes, L.A., et al. (2009) Infiltration and extravasation: Update on prevention and management. Journal of Infusion Nursing, 32(4), 203–211. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
73 Doornaert, M., Monstrey, S. & Roche, N. (2013) Extravasation injuries: Current medical and surgical treatment. Acta Chirurgica Belgica, 113, 1–7. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
74 Doroshow, J.H. (2012) Dexrazoxane for the prevention of cardiac toxicity and treatment of extravasation injury from the anthracycline antibiotics. Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, 13(10), 1949–1956. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
75 Dougherty, L. (2002) Delivery of intravenous therapy. Nursing Standard, 16(16), 45–56. Cross Ref link | Cite this reference
76 Dougherty, L. (2003) The expert witness: Working within the legal system of the United Kingdom. Journal of Vascular Access Devices, 8(2), 29–35. Cross Ref link | Cite this reference
77 Dougherty, L. (2008a) Obtaining peripheral access. In: Dougherty, L. & Lamb, J. (eds) Intravenous Therapy in Nursing Practice, 2nd edn. Oxford: Blackwell, pp.225–270. | Cite this reference
78 Dougherty, L. (2008b) IV therapy: Recognizing the differences between infiltration and extravasation. British Journal of Nursing, 17(14), 896, 898–901. | Cite this reference
79 Dougherty, L. (2010) Extravasation: Prevention, recognition and management. Nursing Standard, 24(52), 48–55. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
80 Dougherty, L. & Lamb, J. (eds) (2008) Intravenous Therapy in Nursing Practice, 2nd edn. Oxford: Blackwell. | Cite this reference
81 Dougherty, L. & Oakley, C. (2011) Advanced practice in the management of extravasation. Cancer Nursing Practice, 10(5), 16–18. Cross Ref link | Cite this reference
82 Downie, G., MacKenzie, J. & Williams, A. (2003) Medicine management. In: Downie, G., MacKenzie, J. & Williams, A. (eds) Pharmacology and Medicines Management for Nurses, 3rd edn. London: Churchill Livingstone, pp.49–91. | Cite this reference
83 Dychter, S.S., Gold, D.A. & Haller, M.F. (2012) Subcutaneous drug delivery: A route to increased safety, patient satisfaction, and reduced costs. Journal of Infusion Nursing, 35(3), 154–160. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
84 EASHW (European Agency for Safety and Health at Work) (2010) Directive 2010/32/EU: Prevention from Sharp Injuries in the Hospital and Healthcare Sector. Available at: www.osha.europa.eu/en/legislation/directives/sector‐specific‐and‐worker‐related‐provisions/osh‐directives/council‐directive‐2010‐32‐eu‐prevention‐from‐sharp‐injuries‐in‐the‐hospital‐and‐healthcare‐sector
85 Elliott, M. & Liu, Y. (2010) The nine rights of medication administration: An overview. British Journal of Nursing, 19(5), 300–305. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
86 Elliott, R.A., Camacho, E., Campbell, F., et al. (2018) Prevalence and Economic Burden of Medication Errors in the NHS in England. Policy Research Unit in Economic Evaluation of Health & Care Interventions. Available at: www.eepru.org.uk/wp‐content/uploads/2018/02/eepru‐report‐medication‐error‐feb‐2018.pdf
87 El‐Saghir, N., Otrock, Z., Mufarrij, A., et al. (2004) Dexrazoxane for anthracycline extravasation and GM‐CSF for skin ulceration and wound healing. Lancet Oncology, 5(5), 320–321. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
88 EMC (Electronic Medicines Compendium) (2019) Timoptol 0.25% and 0.5% w/v eye drops solution summary of product characteristics. Available at: https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/product/5110/smpc
89 European Oncology Nursing Society (2007) Extravasation Guidelines: Guidelines Implementation Toolkit. Brussels: European Oncology Nursing Society. | Cite this reference
90 Fabian, B. (2000) IV complications: Infiltration. Journal of Intravenous Nursing, 23(4), 229–231. Pubmed link | Cite this reference
91 Fair, R. & Proctor, B. (2007) Administering Medicines through Enteral Feeding Tubes, 2nd edn. Belfast: Royal Hospitals. | Cite this reference
92 Federico, F. (2011) The Five Rights of Medication Administration. Institute for Healthcare Improvement. Available at: www.ihi.org/resources/Pages/ImprovementStories/FiveRightsofMedicationAdministration.aspx
93 Fields, M. & Peterson, J. (2005) Intravenous medication safety system averts high risk medication errors and provides actionable data. Nursing Administration Quarterly, 29(1), 78–87. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
94 Finlay, T. (2008) Safe administration and management of peripheral intravenous therapy. In: Dougherty, L. & Lamb, J. (eds) Intravenous Therapy in Nursing Practice, 2nd edn. Oxford: Blackwell, pp.143–166. | Cite this reference
95 FIT (Forum for Injection Technique) (2016) The First Injection Technique Recommendations, 4th edn. Available at: www.fit4diabetes.com/files/4514/7946/3482/FIT_UK_Recommendations_4th_Edition.pdf
96 Forrester, J., Dick, A.D., McMenamin, P.G. & Lee, W.R. (2002) The Eye: Basic Science in Practice, 2nd edn. Edinburgh: Saunders. | Cite this reference
97 Fox, N. (2000) Armed and dangerous. Nursing Times, 96(44), 24–26. | Cite this reference
98 Fraise, A.P. & Bradley, T. (eds) (2009) Ayliffe's Control of Healthcare‐Associated Infection: A Practical Handbook, 5th edn. London: Hodder Arnold. | Cite this reference
99 Frey, A.M. & Pettit, J. (2010) Infusion therapy in children. In: Alexander, M., Corrigan, A., Gorski, L., et al. (eds) Infusion Nursing: An Evidence‐Based Approach, 3rd edn. St Louis, MO: Saunders Elsevier, pp.550–568. | Cite this reference
100 Gabriel, J. (2008) Safe administration of intravenous cytotoxic drugs. In: Dougherty, L. & Lamb, J. (eds) Intravenous Therapy in Nursing Practice, 2nd edn. Oxford: Blackwell, pp.461–494. | Cite this reference
101 Gabriel, J. (2012) Subcutaneous infusion in palliative care: The neria soft infusion set. International Journal of Palliative Care, 18(11), 526–530. | Cite this reference
102 Gabriel, J., Bravery, K., Dougherty, L., et al. (2005) Vascular access: Indications and implications for patient care. Nursing Standard, 19(26), 45–52. Pubmed link | Cite this reference
103 Gault, D. (1993) Extravasation injuries. British Journal of Plastic Surgery, 46(2), 91–96. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
104 Gault, D. & Challands, J. (1997) Extravasation of drugs. Anaesthesia Review, 13, 223–241. | Cite this reference
105 Gizzo, S., Noventa, M., Fagherazzi, S., et al. (2014) Update on best available options in obstetrics anaesthesia: Perinatal outcomes, side effects and maternal satisfaction – Fifteen years systematic literature review. Archives of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, 290(1), 21–34. | Cite this reference
106 Gonzalez, T. (2013) Chemotherapy extravasations: Prevention, identification, management, and documentation. Clinical Journal of Oncology Nursing, 17(1), 61–66. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
107 Goolsby, T.V. & Lombardo F.A. (2006) Extravasation of chemotherapeutic agents: Prevention and treatment. Seminars in Oncology, 33(1), 139–143. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
108 Greenway, K. (2004) Using the ventrogluteal site for intramuscular injection. Nursing Standard, 18(25), 39–42. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
109 Griffith, R. (2016) Can covert administration of medicines be in a patient's best interests? British Journal of Nursing, 25(15), 872–873. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
110 Griffith, R. & Jordan, S. (2003) Administration of medicines part 1: The law and nursing. Nursing Standard, 18(2), 47–53. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
111 Gunningberg, L., Pöder, U., Donaldson, N. & Leo Swenne, C. (2014) Medication administration accuracy: Using clinical observation and review of patient records to assess safety and guide performance improvement. Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice, 20(4), 411–416. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
112 Hadaway, L.C. (2010) Anatomy and physiology related to infusion therapy. In: Alexander, M., Corrigan, A., Gorski, L., et al. (eds) Infusion Nursing: An Evidence‐Based Approach, 3rd edn. St Louis, MO: Saunders Elsevier, pp.139–177. | Cite this reference
113 Hakkarainen, K.M., Hedna, K., Petzold, M. & Haegg, S. (2012) Percentage of patients with preventable adverse drug reactions and preventability of adverse drug reactions: A meta‐analysis. PLOS ONE, 7(3), e33236. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
114 Hallam, C., Weston, V., Denton, A., et al. (2016) Development of the UK Vessel Health and Preservation (VHP) framework: A multi‐organisational collaborative. Journal of Infection Prevention, 17(2), 65–72. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
115 Halsen, G. & Kramer, I. (2010) Assessing the risk to health care staff from long‐term exposure to anticancer drugs: The case of monoclonal antibodies. Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice, 17(1), 68–80. | Cite this reference
116 Harding, A.D. (2011) Use of intravenous smart pumps for patient safety. Journal of Emergency Nursing, 37(1), 71–72. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
117 Harding, A.D. (2012) Increasing the use of ‘smart’ pump drug libraries by nurses: A continuous quality improvement project. American Journal of Nursing, 112(1), 26–35. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
118 Hardman, J.G., Limbird, L.E., Molinoff, P.B., et al. (eds) (1996) Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th edn. New York: McGraw‐Hill. | Cite this reference
119 Harrison, R.J. (2015) Preparation for safe medication administration. In: Perry, A.G., Potter, P.A. & Ostendorf, W. (eds) Nursing Interventions & Clinical Skills, 6th edn. St Louis, MO: Elsevier, pp.537–554. | Cite this reference
120 Hart, S. (2008) Infection control in intravenous therapy. In: Dougherty, L. & Lamb, J. (eds) Intravenous Therapy in Nursing Practice, 2nd edn. Oxford: Blackwell, pp.87–116. | Cite this reference
121 Harvey, S., Murphy, F., Lake, R., et al. (2009) Diagnosing a problem: Using a tool to identify pre‐registration nursing students’ mathematical ability. Nurse Education in Practice, 10(3), 119–125. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
122 Haw, C., Stubbs, J. & Dickens, G. (2007) An observational study of medication administration: Errors in old age psychiatric inpatients. International Journal of Quality in Health Care, 19(4), 210–216. Cross Ref link | Cite this reference
123 Health Care Standards Unit (2007a) First Domain: Safety (Info Bank) C4b. Previously available at: www.hcsu.org.uk/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=197&Itemid=109
124 Health Care Standards Unit (2007b) Updated Signpost C4b. Previously available at: www.hcsu.org.uk/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=309&Itemid=111
125 Health and Social Care Act (2012) Available at: www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2012/7/contents/enacted
126 Heron, C. (2017) Implementing smart infusion pumps with dose‐error reduction software: Real‐world experiences. British Journal of Nursing, 26(8), 13–16. Cross Ref link | Cite this reference
127 Hertzel, C. & Sousa, V.D. (2009) The use of smart pumps for preventing medication errors. Journal of Infusion Nursing, 32(5), 257–267. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
128 Hillery, A., Lloyd, A. & Swarbrick, J. (eds) (2001) Drug Delivery and Targeting for Pharmacists and Pharmaceutical Scientists. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. | Cite this reference
129 Hilton, S. (1990) An audit of inhaler technique among patients of 34 general practitioners. British Journal of General Practice, 40(341), 505–506. Pubmed link | Cite this reference
130 Ho, C.Y., Dean, B.S. & Barber, N. (1997) When do medication administration errors happen to hospital in‐patients? International Journal of Pharmacy Practice, 5, 91–96. Cross Ref link | Cite this reference
131 How, C. & Brown, J. (1998) Extravasation of cytotoxic chemotherapy from peripheral veins. European Journal of Oncology Nursing, 2(1), 51–59. Cross Ref link | Cite this reference
132 Huber, C. & Augustine, A. (2009) IV infusion alarms: Don't wait for the beep. American Journal of Nursing, 109(4), 32–33. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
133 Human Medicines Regulations, The (2012) Available at: www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2012/1916/contents
134 Human Medicines (Amendment) Regulations, The (2013) Available at: www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2013/1855/made
135 Human Medicines (Amendment) Regulations, The (2018) Available at: www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2018/199/made
136 Hunter, J. (2008) Intramuscular injection techniques. Nursing Standard, 22(24), 35–40. | Cite this reference
137 HWR (Hazardous Waste (England and Wales) Regulations) (2005) Available at: https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/894/contents/made
138 Hyde, L. (2008) Legal and professional aspects of intravenous therapy. In: Dougherty, L. & Lamb, J. (eds) Intravenous Therapy in Nursing Practice, 2nd edn. Oxford: Blackwell, pp. 3–20. | Cite this reference
139 Hypodermoclysis Working Group (1998) Hypodermoclysis: Guidelines on the Technique. Wrexham, UK: CP Pharmaceuticals. | Cite this reference
140 Iacovides, I., Blandford, A., Cox, A., et al. (2015) Infusion device standardisation and dose error reduction software. British Journal of Healthcare Management, 21(2), 68–76. Cross Ref link | Cite this reference
141 Ignoffo, R.J. & Friedman, M.A. (1980) Therapy of local toxicities caused by extravasation of cancer chemotherapeutic drugs. Cancer Treatment Reviews, 7(1), 17–27. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
142 INS (Infusion Nurses Society) (2016) Infusion therapy standards of practice. Journal of Infusion Nursing, 39(Suppl. 1), S1–S159. | Cite this reference
143 Jackson, G. (2006) Consensus Opinion on the Use of Dexrazoxane (Savene) in the Treatment of Anthracycline Extravasation. UK: Topotarget. | Cite this reference
144 Janaki, M., Nirmala, S., Kadam, A.R., et al. (2008) Epidural analgesia during brachytherapy for cervical cancer patients. Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics, 4(2), 60–63. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
145 Jevon, P. (2008) Severe allergic reaction: Management of anaphylaxis in hospital. British Journal of Nursing, 17(2), 104–108. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
146 Jevon, P., Payne, L., Higgins, D. & Endecott, R. (eds) (2010) Medicines Management: A Guide for Nurses. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. Cross Ref link | Cite this reference
147 Joint Commission (2018) National Patient Safety Goals Effective January 2018. Available at: https://www.jointcommission.org/assets/1/6/2018_HAP_NPSG_goals_final.pdf
148 Joint Commission (2019) Joint Commission Accreditation Standards. Washington, DC: Joint Commission. | Cite this reference
149 Jordan, S., Griffiths, H. & Griffith, R. (2003) Administration of medicines part 2: Pharmacology. Nursing Standard, 18(3), 45–54. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
150 Kassner, E. (2000) Evaluation and treatment of chemotherapy extravasation injuries. Journal of Pediatric Oncology Nursing, 17(3), 135–148. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
151 Keers, R.N., Williams, S.D., Cooke, J., et al. (2013) Prevalence and nature of medication administration errors in health care settings: A systematic review of direct observational evidence. Annals of Pharmacotherapy, 47(2), 237–256. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
152 Kelly, J. & Wright, D. (2009) Administering medication to adult patients with dysphagia. Nursing Standard, 23(29), 61–68. Cross Ref link | Cite this reference
153 Keohane, C.A., Hayes, J., Saniuk, C., et al. (2005) Intravenous medication safety and smart infusion systems. Journal of Infusion Nursing, 28(5), 321–328. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
154 Khan, M.S. & Holmes, J.D. (2002) Reducing the morbidity from extravasation injuries. Annals of Plastic Surgery, 48(6), 628–632, discussion 632. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
155 King, J., Alexander, M., Byrne, J., et al. (2014) A review of the evidence for occupational exposure risks to novel anticancer agents: A focus on monoclonal antibodies. Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice, 22(1), 121–134. | Cite this reference
156 King, L. (2003) Subcutaneous insulin injection technique. Nursing Standard, 17(34), 45–52. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
157 Kirkwood, B. (2006) The cornea. In: Marsden, J. (ed) Ophthalmic Care. Chichester: Whurr, pp.339–369. | Cite this reference
158 Kongkaew, C., Noyce, P.R. & Ashcroft, D.M. (2008) Hospital admissions associated with adverse drug reactions: A systematic review of prospective observational studies. Annals of Pharmacotherapy, 42(7), 1017–1025. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
159 Koivistov, V.A. & Felig, P. (1978) Is skin preparation necessary before insulin injection? Lancet, 1(8073), 1072–1073. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
160 Krähenbühl‐Melcher, A., Schlienger, R., Lampert, M., et al. (2007) Drug‐related problems in hospitals: A review of the recent literature. Drug Safety, 30(5), 379–407. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
161 Kreidieh, F.Y., Moukadem, H.A. & El Saghir, N.S. (2016) Overview, prevention and management of chemotherapy extravasation. World Journal of Clinical Oncology, 7(1), 87–97. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
162 Lamb, J. & Dougherty, L. (2008) Local and systemic complications of intravenous therapy. In: Dougherty, L. & Lamb, J. (eds) Intravenous Therapy in Nursing Practice, 2nd edn. Oxford: Blackwell, pp.167–196. | Cite this reference
163 Lamblet, L.C.R., Meira, E.S.A., Torres, S., et al. (2011) Randomized clinical trial to assess pain and bruising in medicines administered by means of subcutaneous and intramuscular needle injection: Is it necessary to have needles changed? Revista Latino‐Americana de Enfermagem, 19(5), 1063–1071. Cross Ref link | Cite this reference
164 Langer, S. (2008) Treatment of anthracycline extravasation from centrally inserted venous catheters. Oncology Reviews, 2(2), 114–116. Cross Ref link | Cite this reference
165 Langer, S.W., Sehested, M. & Jensen, P.B. (2000) Treatment of anthracycline extravasation with dexrazoxane. Clinical Cancer Research, 6(9), 3680–3686. Pubmed link | Cite this reference
166 Langer, S.W., Thougaard, A.V., Sehested, M. & Jensen, P.B. (2006) Treatment of anthracycline extravasation in mice with dexrazoxane with or without DMSO and hydrocortisone. Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology, 57(1), 125–128. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
167 Langford, S., Fradgley, S., Evans, M. & Blanks, C. (2008) Assessing the risk of handling monoclonal antibodies. Hospital Pharmacist, 15, 60–64. | Cite this reference
168 Lapham, R. & Agar, H. (2003) Drug Calculations for Nurses: A Step‐by‐Step Approach, 2nd edn. London: Arnold. | Cite this reference
169 Larson, G.Y., Parker, H., Cash, J., et al. (2005) Standard drug concentrations and smart pump technology reduce continuous medication infusion errors in pediatric patients. Pediatrics, 116(1), 21–25. Cross Ref link | Cite this reference
170 Lawson, T. (2003) A legal perspective on CVC‐related extravasation. Journal of Vascular Access Devices, 8(1), 25–27. Cross Ref link | Cite this reference
171 Lazarou, J., Pomeranz, B.H. & Corey, P.N. (1998) Incidence of adverse drug reactions in hospitalized patients: A meta‐analysis of prospective studies. JAMA, 279(15), 1200–1205. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
172 Leendertse, A.J., Visser, D., Egberts, A.C. & van den Bemt, P.M. (2010) The relationship between study characteristics and the prevalence of medication‐related hospitalizations: A literature review and novel analysis. Drug Safety, 33(3), 233–244. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
173 Lenz, C.L. (1983) Make your needle selection right to the point. Nursing, 13(2), 50–51. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
174 Lilley, L.L., Collins, S.R. & Snyder, J.S. (2007) Pharmacology and the Nursing Process, 5th edn. St Louis, MO: Elsevier Health Sciences. | Cite this reference
175 Longshore, L., Smith, T. & Weist, M. (2010) Successful implementation of intelligent infusion technology in a multihospital setting: Nursing perspective. Journal of Infusion Nursing, 33(1), 38–47. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
176 Loveday, H., Wilson, J., Pratt, R., et al. (2014) epic3: National evidence‐based guidelines for preventing healthcare‐associated infections in NHS hospitals in England. Journal of Hospital Infection, 86(Suppl. 1), S1–S70. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
177 Luebke, M.A., Arduino, M., Duda, D., et al. (1998) Comparison of the microbial barrier properties of a needleless and conventional needle based intravenous access system. American Journal of Infection Control, 26, 437–441. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
178 Luk, J., Chan, F. & Chu, L. (2008) Is hypodermoclysis suitable for frail Chinese elderly? Asian Journal of Gerontology & Geriatrics, 3(1), 49–50. | Cite this reference
179 MacDonald, M. (2010) Patient safety: Examining the adequacy of the 5 rights of medication administration. Clinical Nurse Specialist, 24(4), 196–201. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
180 Macintyre, P.E. & Schug, S.A. (2015) Acute Pain Management: A Practical Guide, 4th edn. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. | Cite this reference
181 Macklin, D. & Chernecky, C.C. (2004) IV Therapy. St Louis, MO: Saunders. | Cite this reference
182 Malkin, B. (2008) Are techniques used for intramuscular injection based on research evidence? Nursing Times, 104(50/51), 48–51. Pubmed link | Cite this reference
183 Manrique‐Rodriguez, S., Sanchez‐Galindo, A., Lopez‐Herce, J., et al. (2013) Impact of implementing smart infusion pumps in a pediatric intensive care unit. American Journal of Health‐System Pharmacy, 70, 1897–1906. | Cite this reference
184 Marders, J. (2012) Sounding the alarm for IV infiltration. Nursing, 35(4), 18–20. Cross Ref link | Cite this reference
185 Marieb, E.N. & Hoehn, K. (2018) Human Anatomy & Physiology, 11th edn. Harlow: Pearson. | Cite this reference
186 Marriott, J.L. & Nation, R.L. (2002) Splitting tablets. Australian Prescriber, 25(6), 133–135. Cross Ref link | Cite this reference
187 Masoorli, S. (2003) Extravasation injuries associated with the use of central vascular access devices. Journal of Vascular Access Devices, 8(1), 21–23. Cross Ref link | Cite this reference
188 Mayo, D.J. (1998) Fibrin sheath formation and chemotherapy extravasation: A case report. Supportive Care in Cancer, 6(1), 51–56. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
189 McCaffrey Boyle, D. & Engelking, C. (1995) Vesicant extravasation: Myths and realities. Oncology Nursing Forum, 22(1), 57–67. Pubmed link | Cite this reference
190 McClelland, B. (2007) Handbook of Transfusion Medicine, 3rd edn. London: The Stationery Office. | Cite this reference
191 McLeod, M.C., Barber, N. & Franklin, B.D. (2013) Methodological variations and their effects on reported medication administration error rates. BMJ Quality & Safety, 22(4), 278–89. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
192 McNicol, E.D., Ferguson, M.C. & Hudcova, J. (2015) Patient controlled opioid analgesia versus non‐patient controlled opioid analgesia for postoperative pain. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2(6), CD003348. | Cite this reference
193 Meade, E. (2015) Use of closed‐system drug transfer devices in the handling and administration of MABs. British Journal of Nursing, 24(16 Suppl. 1), S21–S27. | Cite this reference
194 Medicines Act (1968) Available at: www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1968/67
195 Medicines Complete (2018) Stockley's Drug Interactions. Available at: https://about.medicinescomplete.com/publication/stockleys‐drug‐interactions
196 Mei, A. & Auerhahn, C. (2009) Hyperdermoclysis: Maintaining hydration in the frail older adult. Annals of Long‐Term Care, 17(5), 28–30. | Cite this reference
197 Menahem, S. & Shvartzman, P. (2010) Continuous subcutaneous delivery of medications for home care palliative patients: Using an infusion set or a pump? Supportive Care in Cancer, 18(9), 1165–1170. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
198 Mendelson, M.H., Short, L., Schechter, C., et al. (1998) Study of a needleless intermittent intravenous access system for peripheral infusions: Analysis of staff, patient and institutional outcomes. Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology, 19(6), 401–406. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
199 Mental Capacity Act (2005) Available at: www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2005/9/contents
200 Merck (2011) Merck Manual for Professionals, 19th edn. White House Station, NJ: Merck Sharp & Dohme. | Cite this reference
201 MHRA (Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency) (2004) Reducing Needlestick and Sharps Injuries. London: Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency. | Cite this reference
202 MHRA (2006a) Free‐Flow Situations. London: Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency. | Cite this reference
203 MHRA (2006b) Reporting Adverse Incidents and Disseminating Medical Device Alerts [DB2006(01)]. Available at: http://www.mhra.gov.uk/Publications/Safetyguidance/DeviceBulletins/CON2030705 https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20110505000131/www.mhra.gov.uk/Publications/Safetyguidance/DeviceBulletins/CON2030705
204 MHRA (2007) Medical Device Alert 2007/089: Intravenous (IV) Infusion Lines All Brands. London: Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency. | Cite this reference
205 MHRA (2008a) Devices in Practice: A Guide for Professionals in Health and Social Care. London: Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency. | Cite this reference
206 MHRA (2008b) Medical Device Alert 2008/016: Needle‐Free Intravascular Connectors – All Brands. London: Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency. | Cite this reference
207 MHRA (2010a) Good Pharmacovigilance Practice. London: Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency. | Cite this reference
208 MHRA (2010b) Device Bulletin Infusion Systems [DB 2003 (02) v2.0 November]. London: Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency. | Cite this reference
209 MHRA (2011) Report on Devices Adverse Incidents in 2010 [DB2011(02)]. Available at: https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20140713225354/www.mhra.gov.uk/home/groups/dts‐bs/documents/publication/con129234.pdf
210 MHRA (2014a) Devices in Practice: Checklist for Using Medical Devices. London: Medicine and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency. | Cite this reference
211 MHRA (2014b) Off‐Label or Unlicensed Use of Medicines: Prescribers’ Responsibilities. Available at: https://www.gov.uk/drug‐safety‐update/off‐label‐or‐unlicensed‐use‐of‐medicines‐prescribers‐responsibilities
212 MHRA (2015) Managing Medical Devices: Guidance for Healthcare and Social Services Organisations. Available at: https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/421028/Managing_medical_devices_‐_Apr_2015.pdf
213 MHRA (2017) Corticosteroids: Rare Risk of Central Serous Chorioretinopathy with Local as well as Systemic Administration. London: Medicine and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency. | Cite this reference
214 Mirakian, R., Ewan, P.W., Durham, S.R., et al. (2009) BSACI guidelines for the management of drug allergy. Clinical & Experimental Allergy, 39, 43–61. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
215 Misuse of Drugs Act (1971) Available at: www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1971/38/contents
216 Misuse of Drugs and Misuse of Drugs (Safe Custody) (Amendment) (England and Wales and Scotland) Regulations (2018) Available at: www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2018/1383/contents/made
217 Misuse of Drugs and Misuse of Drugs (Safe Custody) (Amendment) Regulations (2007) Available at: www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2007/2154/made
218 Misuse of Drugs Regulations (2001) Available at: www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2001/3998/contents/made
219 Misuse of Drugs (Safe Custody) Regulations (1973) Available at: www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1973/798/made
220 Moriarty, D. & Hudson, E. (2001) Hypodermoclysis for rehydration in the community. British Journal of Community Nursing, 6(9), 437–443. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
221 Mouridsen, H.T., Langer, S.W., Buter, J., et al. (2007) Treatment of anthracycline extravasation with Savene (dexrazoxane): Results from two prospective clinical multicentre studies. Annals of Oncology, 18(3), 546–550. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
222 Murray, W. & Glenister, H. (2001) How to use medical devices safely. Nursing Times, 97(43), 36–38. Pubmed link | Cite this reference
223 Mraz, M., Thomas, C. & Rajcan, L. (2018) Intramuscular injection CLIMAT pathway: A clinical practice guidance. British Journal of Nursing, 27(13), 752–756. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
224 Naylor, W. (2005) Extravasation of wounds: Aetiology and management. In: Brighton, D. & Wood, M. (eds) The Royal Marsden Hospital Handbook of Cancer Chemotherapy: A Guide for the Multidisciplinary Team. Edinburgh: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone, pp.109–112. | Cite this reference
225 NES (NHS Education for Scotland) (2018) Patient Group Directions. Available at: https://www.hps.scot.nhs.uk/publications/patient‐group‐directions
226 NEWT (2018) NEWT Guidelines. Available at: www.newtguidelines.com
227 NHS Employers (2007) The Management of Health, Safety and Welfare Issues for NHS Staff. London: NHS Confederation (Employers). | Cite this reference
228 NHS Employers (2015) Managing the Risks of Sharps Injuries. Available at: https://www.nhsemployers.org/‐/media/Employers/Documents/Retain‐and‐improve/Health‐and‐wellbeing/Managing‐the‐risks‐of‐sharps‐injuries‐v7.pdf
229 NHS England (2014) Patient Safety Alert NHS/PSA/2014/005: Improving Medication Error Incident Reporting and Learning. London: NHS England. | Cite this reference
230 NHS England (2015a) Patient Safety Alert NHS/PSA/W/2015/004: Managing Risks during the Transition Period to New ISO Connectors for Medical Devices. London: NHS England. | Cite this reference
231 NHS England (2015b) Patient Safety Alert NHS/PSA/Re/2015/009: Support to Minimize the Risk of Distress and Death from Inappropriate Doses of Naloxone. London: NHS England. | Cite this reference
232 NHS England (2016) Patient Safety Alert NHS/PSA/W/2016/008: Restricted Use of Open Systems for Injectable Medication. London: NHS England. | Cite this reference
233 NHS England and NHSI (NHS Improvement) (2019) Standard Infection Control Precautions: National Hand Hygiene and Personal Protective Equipment Policy. Available at: https://improvement.nhs.uk/documents/4957/National_policy_on_hand_hygiene_and_PPE_2.pdf
234 NHS PQAC (NHS Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance Committee) (2015) Guidance on the Safe Handling of Monoclonal Antibody (mAb) Products, 5th edn. Available at: https://docplayer.net/19013058‐Guidance‐on‐the‐safe‐handling‐of‐monoclonal‐antibody‐mab‐products.html
235 NHSI (NHS Improvement) (2016) Risk of Severe Harm and Death Due to Withdrawing Insulin from Pen Devices. London: NHS Improvement. | Cite this reference
236 NHSI (2017) Patient Safety Alert NHS/PSA/RE/2017/004: Resources to Support Safe Transition from the Luer Connector to NRFit for Intrathecal and Epidural Procedures, and the Delivery of Regional Blocks. London: NHS Improvement. | Cite this reference
237 NHSI (2018a) Patient Safety Alert NHS/PSA/W/2018/002: Risk of Death or Severe Harm from Inadvertent Intravenous Administration of Solid Organ Perfusion Fluids. London: NHS Improvement. | Cite this reference
238 NHSI (2018b) Recommendations from National Patient Safety Alerts that Remain Relevant to Never Events List 2018. Available at: https://improvement.nhs.uk/documents/2267/Recommendations_from_NPSA_alerts_that_remain_relevant_to_NEs_FINAL.pdf
239 NHSI (2018c) Revised Never Events Policy and Framework. Available at: https://improvement.nhs.uk/documents/2265/Revised_Never_Events_policy_and_framework_FINAL.pdf
240 NICE (National Institute for Health and Care Excellence) (2003) Guidance on the Use of Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion for Diabetes [TAG57]. London: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. | Cite this reference
241 NICE (2009) Medicines Adherence: Involving Patients in Decisions about Prescribed Medicines and Supporting Adherence [CG76]. Available at: www.nice.org.uk/guidance/CG76
242 NICE (2010) Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Management of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Adults in Primary and Secondary Care (Partial Update) [CG101]. Available at: www.nice.org.uk/guidance/CG101
243 NICE (2012) Palliative Care for Adults: Strong Opioids for Pain Relief [CG140]. Available at: https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/CG140
244 NICE (2014) Drug Allergy: Diagnosis and Management of Drug Allergy in Adults, Children and Young People [CG183]. London: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. | Cite this reference
245 NICE (2015a) Medicines Management in Care Homes [QS85]. London: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. | Cite this reference
246 NICE (2015b) Medicines Optimisation Overview. Available at: https://pathways.nice.org.uk/pathways/medicines‐optimisation
247 NICE (2015c) Medicines Optimisation: The Safe and Effective Use of Medicines to Enable the Best Possible Outcomes [NG5]. London: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. | Cite this reference
248 NICE (2016a) Controlled Drugs: Safe Use and Management [NG46]. London: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. | Cite this reference
249 NICE (2016b) Ensuring Appropriate Use of Monitored Dosage Systems: Reducing Unnecessary Pharmacy Workload QP Case Study. London: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. | Cite this reference
250 NICE (2017a) Managing Medicines for Adults Receiving Social Care in the Community [NG67]. London: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. | Cite this reference
251 NICE (2017b) Patient Group Directions [MPG2]. Available at: https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/mpg2/chapter/Recommendations
252 NICE (2017c) Safer Insulin Prescribing. London: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence | Cite this reference
253 NICE (2017d) Safer Insulin Prescribing. Available at: https://www.nice.org.uk/advice/ktt20/resources/safer‐insulin‐prescribing‐pdf‐58758006482629
254 Nichols, C. & O'Brien, E. (2012) Ear irrigation. In: O'Brien, L. (ed) District Nursing Manual of Clinical Procedures. Oxford: John Wiley & Sons, pp.84–92. | Cite this reference
255 Nisbet, A. (2006) Intramuscular gluteal injections in the increasingly obese population: Retrospective study. BMJ, 332, 637–638. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
256 NIVAS (National Infusion and Vascular Access Society) (2019) Intravenous Infusion Drug Administration: Flushing Guidance. Marlow, UK: National Infusion and Vascular Access Society. | Cite this reference
257 NMC (Nursing and Midwifery Council) (2018) The Code: Professional Standards of Practice and Behaviour for Nurses, Midwives and Nursing Associates. Available at: https://www.nmc.org.uk/standards/code
258 NPC (National Prescribing Centre) (2003) Supplementary Prescribing: A Resource to Help Healthcare Professionals to Understand the Framework and Opportunities. London: NHS. | Cite this reference
259 NPSA (National Patient Safety Agency) (2002) Patient Safety Alert: Potassium Chloride Concentrate Solutions. Available at: https://www.sps.nhs.uk/wp‐content/uploads/2018/02/2002‐NRLS‐1051A‐Potassium‐chloue‐PSA‐2002‐10‐31‐v1.pdf
260 NPSA (2003) Risk Analysis of Infusion Devices. London: National Patient Safety Agency. | Cite this reference
261 NPSA (2004) Improving Infusion Device Safety. Available at: https://www.sps.nhs.uk/articles/npsa‐alert‐improving‐infusion‐device‐safety‐2004
262 NPSA (2005) Wristbands for Hospital Inpatients Improve Safety [Safer Practice Notice 11]. London: National Patient Safety Agency. | Cite this reference
263 NPSA (2006a) Ensuring Safer Practice with High Dose Ampoules of Morphine and Diamorphine [Alert No. 2006/12]. London: National Patient Safety Agency. | Cite this reference
264 NPSA (2006b) Patient Safety Alert: Improving Compliance with Oral Methotrexate Guidelines. London: National Patient Safety Agency. | Cite this reference
265 NPSA (2007a) Rapid Response Report: Fire Hazard with Paraffin Based Skin Products on Dressings and Clothing. London: National Patient Safety Agency. | Cite this reference
266 NPSA (2007b) Safer Practice Notice 0507: Standardising Wristbands Improves Patient Safety. London: National Patient Safety Agency. | Cite this reference
267 NPSA (2007c) Patient Safety Alert 19: Promoting Safer Measurement and Administration of Liquid Medicines via Oral and Other Enteral Routes. London: National Patient Safety Agency. | Cite this reference
268 NPSA (2007d) Promoting Safer Use of Injectable Medicines [Alert No. 2007/20]. London: National Patient Safety Agency. Available at: https://www.sps.nhs.uk/wp‐content/uploads/2016/12/2474_Inject_Multi‐prof‐1.pdf | Cite this reference
269 NPSA (2007e) Patient Safety Alert: Safer Practice with Epidural Injections and Infusions. Available at: https://www.sps.nhs.uk/wp‐content/uploads/2018/02/2007‐NRLS‐0396‐Epidural‐injectns‐PSA‐2007‐03‐28‐v1.pdf
270 NPSA (2008a) Rapid Response Report 05: Reducing Dosing Errors with Opioid Medicines. London: National Patient Safety Agency. | Cite this reference
271 NPSA (2008b) Rapid Response Report 11: Reducing Risk of Overdose with Midazolam Injection in Adults. London: National Patient Safety Agency. | Cite this reference
272 NPSA (2008c) Rapid Response Report: Using Vinca Alkaloid Minibags (Adult/Adolescent Units) [NPSA/2008/RRR004]. London, National Patient Safety Agency | Cite this reference
273 NPSA (2009) Safety in Doses: Improving the Use of Medicines in the NHS. London: National Patient Safety Agency. | Cite this reference
274 NPSA (2010a) Rapid Response Report: Reducing Treatment Dose Errors with Low Molecular Weight Heparins [NPSA/2010/RRR014]. London: National Patient Safety Agency. | Cite this reference
275 NPSA (2010b) Rapid Response Report: Safer Administration of Insulin. London: National Patient Safety Agency. | Cite this reference
276 NPSA (2011) Safer Spinal (Intrathecal), Epidural and Regional Devices [NPSA/2011/PSA001]. Available at: https://www.sps.nhs.uk/wp‐content/uploads/2018/02/NRLS‐1310‐Neuraxial‐Alertupdate‐2011.01.27‐v1.pdf
277 Ostendorf, W. (2015) Administration of parenteral medication. In: Perry, A.G., Potter, P.A. & Ostendorf W. (eds) Nursing Interventions & Clinical Skills, 6th edn. St Louis, MO: Elsevier, pp.597–641. | Cite this reference
278 Paparella, S.F. (2012) Accurate patient identification in the emergency department: Meeting the safety challenges. Journal of Emergency Nursing, 38(4), 364–367. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
279 Peragallo‐Dittko, V. (1997) Rethinking subcutaneous injection technique. American Journal of Nursing, 97(5), 71–72. Pubmed link | Cite this reference
280 Pérez Fidalgo, J.A., García Fabregat, L., Cervantes, A., et al., on behalf of the ESMO Guidelines Working Group (2012) Management of chemotherapy extravasation: ESMO–EONS Clinical Practice Guidelines. Annals of Oncology, 23(Suppl. 7), vii167–vii173. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
281 Perry A.G. (2015) Administration of nonparenteral medications. In: Perry, A.G., Potter, P.A. & Ostendorf, W. (eds) Nursing Interventions & Clinical Skills, 6th edn. St Louis, MO: Elsevier, pp.555–596. | Cite this reference
282 Perry, A.G., Potter, P.A. & Ostendorf, W. (eds) (2015) Nursing Interventions & Clinical Skills, 6th edn. St Louis, MO: Elsevier. | Cite this reference
283 Perucca, R. (2010) Peripheral venous access devices. In: Alexander, M., Corrigan, A., Gorski, L., et al. (eds) Infusion Nursing: An Evidence‐Based Approach, 3rd edn. St Louis, MO: Saunders Elsevier, pp.456–479. | Cite this reference
284 Pickstone, M. (1999) A Pocketbook for Safer IV Therapy. Broadstairs, UK: Scitech Educational. | Cite this reference
285 Pickstone, M. (2000) Using the technology triangle to assess the safety of technology‐controlled clinical procedures in critical care. International Journal of Intensive Care, 7(2), 90–96. | Cite this reference
286 Police Reform and Social Responsibility Act (2011) Available at: www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2011/13/notes
287 Polovich, M., Whitford, J.M. & Olsen, M. (eds) (2014) Chemotherapy and Biotherapy Guidelines and Recommendations for Practice, 4th edn. Pittsburgh: Oncology Nursing Society. | Cite this reference
288 Pope, B.B. (2002) How to administer subcutaneous and intramuscular injections. Nursing, 32(1), 50–51. | Cite this reference
289 Potter, P. & Perry, A. (2016) Fundamentals of Nursing, 9th edn. St Louis, MO: Elsevier. | Cite this reference
290 Prescription Only Medicines (Human Use) Order (1997) Available at: https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1997/1830/contents/made
291 Public Health England (2006) Yellow fever. In: Immunisation against Infectious Disease: The Green Book. Available at: www.gov.uk/government/publications/yellow‐fever‐the‐green‐book‐chapter‐35
292 Quinn, C. (2000) Infusion devices: Risks, functions and management. Nursing Standard, 14(26), 35–41. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
293 Quinn, C. (2008) Intravenous flow control and infusion devices. In: Dougherty, L. & Lamb, J. (eds) Intravenous Therapy in Nursing Practice, 2nd edn. Oxford: Blackwell, pp.197–224. | Cite this reference
294 Rang, H.P., Ritter, J.M., Flower, R.J., et al. (2015) Rang & Dale's Pharmacology, 8th edn. Edinburgh: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. | Cite this reference
295 RCN (Royal College of Nursing) (2016) Standards for Infusion Therapy, 4th edn. London: Royal College of Nursing. | Cite this reference
296 Regnard, C. & Hockley, J. (2004) A Guide to Symptom Relief in Palliative Care, 5th edn. Oxford: Radcliffe Medical Press. | Cite this reference
297 Reid, A. (2012) Changing practice for safe insulin administration. Nursing Times, 108(10), 22–26. Pubmed link | Cite this reference
298 Relihan, E., O'Brien, V., O'Hara, S. & Silke, B. (2010) The impact of a set of interventions to reduce interruptions and distractions to nurses during medication administration. Quality & Safety in Health Care, 19, e52. Pubmed link | Cite this reference
299 Resuscitation Council (2015) Resuscitation Guidelines. Available at: https://www.resus.org.uk/resuscitation‐guidelines
300 Reynolds, P., MacLaren, R., Mueller, S., et al. (2014) Management of extravasation injuries: A focused evaluation of noncytotoxic medications. Pharmacotherapy, 34(6), 617–632. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
301 Riedl, M.A. & Casillas, A.M. (2003) Adverse drug reactions: Types and treatment options. American Family Physician, 68, 1781–1790. Pubmed link | Cite this reference
302 Roberts, I.F. & Roberts, J.G. (1979) Relation between medicines sweetened with sucrose and dental disease. BMJ, 2(14), 14–16. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
303 Rodger, M.A. & King, L. (2000) Drawing up and administering intra‐muscular injection: A review of the literature. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 31(3), 574–582. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
304 Rodrigues, C.C., Guilherme, C., Lobo da Costa, M., et al. (2012) Risk factors for vascular trauma during antineoplastic chemotherapy: Contributions of the use of relative risk. Acta Paulista de Enfermagem, 25(3), 448–452. Cross Ref link | Cite this reference
305 Rodriguez‐Monguio, R., Otero, M.J. & Rovira, J. (2003) Assessing the economic impact of adverse drug effects. Pharmacoeconomics, 21(9), 623–650. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
306 Roe, H. (2011) Anthracycline extravasations: Prevention and management. British Journal of Nursing, 20(17), S18–S22. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
307 Roth, D. (2003) Extravasation injuries of peripheral veins: A basis for litigation. Journal of Vascular Access Devices, 8(1), 13–20. Cross Ref link | Cite this reference
308 Rotherham NHS Foundation Trust (2019) Protocols. Available at: http://www.earcarecentre.com/professionals/protocols
309 Rothschild, J.M., Keohane, C.A., Cook, E.F., et al. (2005) A controlled trial of smart infusion pumps to improve medication safety in critically ill patients. Critical Care Medicine, 33, 533–540. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
310 RPS (Royal Pharmaceutical Society) (2005) The Safe and Secure Handling of Medicines: A Team Approach. Available at: https://www.rpharms.com/Portals/0/RPS%20document%20library/Open%20access/Publications/Safe%20and%20Secure%20Handling%20of%20Medicines%202005.pdf
311 RPS (2011) Pharmaceutical Issues when Crushing, Opening or Splitting Oral Dosage Forms. London: Royal Pharmaceutical Society. | Cite this reference
312 RPS (2012) Medicines, Ethics and Practice: The Professional Guide for Pharmacists, 36th edn. London: Royal Pharmaceutical Society. | Cite this reference
313 RPS (2013a) Improving Patient Outcomes: The Better Use of Multi‐compartment Compliance Aids. London: Royal Pharmaceutical Society. | Cite this reference
314 RPS (2013b) Medicines Optimisation: Helping Patients Make the Most of Their Medicines. London: Royal Pharmaceutical Society. | Cite this reference
315 RPS (2016) The Handling of Medicines in Social Care. London: Royal Pharmaceutical Society. | Cite this reference
316 RPS (2018) Professional Guidance on the Safe and Secure Handling of Medicines. Available at: https://www.rpharms.com/recognition/setting‐professional‐standards/safe‐and‐secure‐handling‐of‐medicines/professional‐guidance‐on‐the‐safe‐and‐secure‐handling‐of‐medicines
317 RPS (2019a) Professional Guidance on the Administration of Medicines in Healthcare Settings. Available at: https://www.rpharms.com/Portals/0/RPS%20document%20library/Open%20access/Professional%20standards/SSHM%20and%20Admin/Admin%20of%20Meds%20prof%20guidance.pdf?ver=2019‐01‐23‐145026‐567
318 RPS (2019b) Prescribing Competency Framework. Available at: www.rpharms.com/resources/frameworks/prescribers‐competency‐framework
319 Rudolph, R. & Larson, D.L. (1987) Etiology and treatment of chemotherapeutic agent extravasation injuries: A review. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 5(7), 1116–1126. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
320 Sabin, M., Weeks, K., Rowe, D., et al. (2013) Safety in numbers 5: Evaluation of computer‐based authentic assessment and high fidelity simulated OSCE environments as a framework for articulating a point of registration medication dosage calculation benchmark. Nurse Education in Practice, 13, e55–e65. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
321 Sasson, M. & Shvartzman, P. (2001) Hypodermoclysis: An alternative infusion technique. American Family Physician, 64(9), 1575–1578. Pubmed link | Cite this reference
322 Sauerland, C., Engelking, C., Wickham, R. & Corbi, D. (2006) Vesicant extravasation part I: Mechanisms, pathogenesis, and nursing care to reduce risk. Oncology Nursing Forum, 33(6), 1134–1142. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
323 Savage, P. & Tripp, K. (2008) A study of independent double‐checking processes for chemotherapy administration via an ambulatory infusion pump. 15th International Conference on Cancer Nursing abstract Q116, 17–21 August, Singapore.
324 Scales, K. (2011) Use of hypodermoclysis to manage dehydration. Nursing Older People, 23(5), 16–22. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
325 Schrijvers, D.L. (2003) Extravasation: A dreaded complication of chemotherapy. Annals of Oncology, 14(Suppl. 3), 26iii–30iii. Cross Ref link | Cite this reference
326 Schug, S.A., Palmer, G.M., Scott, D.A., et al (2015) Acute Pain Management: Scientific Evidence, 4th edn. Melbourne: Working Group of the Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists and Faculty of Pain Medicine. | Cite this reference
327 Schulmeister, L. (1998) A complication of vascular access device insertion: A case study and review of subsequent legal action. Journal of Intravenous Nursing, 21(4), 197–202. Pubmed link | Cite this reference
328 Schulmeister, L. (2008) Patient misidentification. Clinical Journal of Oncology Nursing, 12(3), 495–498. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
329 Schulmeister, L. (2009) Antineoplastic therapy. In: Alexander, M., Corrigan, A., Gorski, M.S., et al. (eds) Infusion Nursing: An Evidence‐Based Approach, 3rd edn. St Louis, MO: Saunders Elsevier, pp.351–371. | Cite this reference
330 Sewell, G., Summerhayes, M. & Stanley, A. (2002) Administration of chemotherapy. In: Allwood, M., Stanley, A. & Wright, P. (eds) The Cytotoxics Handbook, 4th edn. Oxford: Radcliffe Medical Press, pp.85–115. | Cite this reference
331 Shelton, B.K. & Shivnan, J. (2011) Acute Hypersensitivity Reactions: What Nurses Need to Know. Available at: http://magazine.nursing.jhu.edu/2011/04/acute‐hypersensitivity‐reactions‐what‐nurses‐need‐to‐know
332 Shepherd, M. (2002) Medicines 2: Administration of medicines. Nursing Times, 98(16), 45–48. Pubmed link | Cite this reference
333 Sherriff, K., Wallis, M. & Burston, S. (2011) Medication calculation competencies for registered nurses: A literature review. Australian Journal of Advanced Nursing, 28(4), 75–83. | Cite this reference
334 Shipman Enquiry (2004) The Fourth Report. Available at: https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20090808163828/www.the‐shipman‐inquiry.org.uk/4r_page.asp
335 Skryabina, E.A. & Dunn, T.S. (2006) Disposable infusion pumps. American Journal of Health‐System Pharmacy, 63(13), 1260–1268. | Cite this reference
336 Small, S.P. (2004) Preventing sciatic nerve injury from intramuscular injections: Literature review. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 47(3), 287–296. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
337 Smyth, J. (ed) (2006) The NEWT Guidelines for Administration of Medication to Patients with Enteral Feeding Tubes and Swallowing Difficulties. Wrexham, UK: North East Wales NHS Trust. | Cite this reference
338 Springhouse (2009) Intravenous Therapy Made Incredibly Easy, 4th edn. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. | Cite this reference
339 SPS (Specialist Pharmacy Service) (2018) Quality PGDs: 7 steps to success. Specialist Pharmacy Service, 9 July. Available at: https://www.sps.nhs.uk/articles/quality‐pgds‐7‐steps‐to‐success
340 Stanley, A. (2002) Managing complications of chemotherapy administration. In: Allwood, M., Stanley, A. & Wright, P. (eds) The Cytotoxics Handbook, 4th edn. Oxford: Radcliffe Medical Press, pp.119–192. | Cite this reference
341 Stolic, S. (2014) Educational strategies aimed at improving student nurse's medication calculation skills: A review of the research literature. Nurse Education in Practice, 14, 491–503. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
342 Stollery, R., Shaw, M. & Lee, A. (2005) Ophthalmic Nursing, 3rd edn. Oxford: Blackwell. Cross Ref link | Cite this reference
343 Susser, W.S., Whitaker‐Worth, D.L. & Grant‐Kels, J.M. (1999) Mucocutaneous reactions to chemotherapy. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 40(3), 367–398. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
344 Suzuki, M., Cato, C. & Cato, A. (2015) Therapeutic antibodies: Their mechanisms of action and the pathological findings they induce in toxicity studies. Journal of Toxicologic Pathology, 28(3), 133–139. | Cite this reference
345 Take 5 (2006) Z‐Track Injections. Nursing2006. Available at: www.nursingcenter.com/upload/static/592775/Take5_Ztrack.pdf
346 Taxis, K., Dean, B. & Barber, N. (1999) Hospital drug distribution systems in the UK and Germany: A study of medication errors. Pharmacy World & Science, 21(1), 25–31. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
347 Terry, A. (2017) Antineoplastic therapy. In: Infusion Therapy Made Incredibly Easy. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health, pp.269–304. | Cite this reference
348 Thomas, C., Mraz, M. & Rajcan, L. (2016) Blood aspiration during IM injection. Clinical Nursing Research, 25(5), 549–559. Cross Ref link | Cite this reference
349 Thomas, J.R., Wallace, M., Yocum, R., et al. (2009) The INFUSE morphine study: Use of recombinant human hyaluronidase (rHuPH20) to enhance the absorption of subcutaneously administered morphine in patients with advanced illness. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, 38, 663–672. Cross Ref link | Cite this reference
350 Toft, B. (2001) External Inquiry into the Adverse Incident that Occurred at Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, 4th January 2001. Available at: https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20120524040348/www.dh.gov.uk/prod_consum_dh/groups/dh_digitalassets/@dh/@en/documents/digitalasset/dh_4082098.pdf
351 Torrance, C. (1989) Intramuscular injection, parts 1 and 2. Surgical Nurse, 2(5), 6–10; 2(6), 24–27. | Cite this reference
352 Torre, M. (2002) Subcutaneous infusion: Non‐metal cannulae vs metal butterfly needles. British Journal of Community Nursing, 7(7), 365–369. Cross Ref link | Cite this reference
353 Tortora, G.J. & Derrickson, B. (2011) Principles of Anatomy & Physiology, 13th edn. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. | Cite this reference
354 Trounce, J. & Gould, D. (2000) Clinical Pharmacology for Nurses, 16th edn. London: Churchill Livingstone. | Cite this reference
355 Turner, M.S. & Hankins, J. (2010) Pharmacology. In: Alexander, M., Corrigan, A., Gorski, L., Hankins, J. & Perucca, R. (eds) Infusion Nursing: An Evidence‐Based Approach, 3rd edn. St Louis, MO: Saunders Elsevier, pp.263–298. | Cite this reference
356 Twycross, R., Wilcock, A., Dean, M. & Kennedy, B. (2007) Palliative Care Formulary, 3rd edn. Available at: https://about.medicinescomplete.com/#
357 Ulutin, H.C., Guden, M., Dede, M. & Pak, Y. (2000) Comparison of granulocyte‐colony, stimulating factor and granulocyte macrophage‐colony stimulating factor in the treatment of chemotherapy extravasation ulcers. European Journal of Gynaecological Oncology, 21(6), 613–615. | Cite this reference
358 Verrue, C., Mehuys, E., Boussery, K., et al. (2010) Tablet splitting a common but not so innocent practice. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 67, 26–32. Cross Ref link | Cite this reference
359 Vidall, C., Roe, H., Dougherty, L. & Harrold, K. (2013) Dexrazoxane: A management option for anthracycline extravasations. British Journal of Nursing, 22(17), S6–S12. Cross Ref link | Cite this reference
360 Vizcarra, C. & Clum, S. (2010) Intraosseous route as alternative access for infusion therapy. Journal of Infusion Nursing, 33(3), 162–174. Cross Ref link | Cite this reference
361 Walsh, G. (2005) Hypodermoclysis: An alternate method for rehydration in long‐term care. Journal of Infusion Nursing, 28(2), 123–129. Cross Ref link | Cite this reference
362 Watt, S. (2003) Safe administration of medicines to children: Part 2. Paediatric Nurse, 15(5), 40–44. Cross Ref link | Cite this reference
363 Weinstein, S. & Hagle, M.E. (2014) Plumer's Principles and Practices of Intravenous Therapy, 9th edn. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. | Cite this reference
364 Werawatganon, T. & Charuluxanun, S. (2005) Patient controlled intravenous opioid analgesia versus continuous epidural analgesia for pain after intra‐abdominal surgery. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 1, CD004088. | Cite this reference
365 Westbrook, J., Woods, A., Rob, M., et al. (2010) Association of interruptions with an increased risk of severity of medication administration errors. Archives of Internal Medicine, 170(8), 683–690. Cross Ref link | Cite this reference
366 Westbrook, J., Rob, M., Woods, A. & Parry, D. (2011) Errors in the administration of intravenous medications and the role of correct procedures and nurse experience. BMJ Quality & Safety, 20, 1027–1034. Cross Ref link | Cite this reference
367 Wheatley, R., Schug, S. & Watson, D. (2001) Safety and efficacy of postoperative epidural analgesia. British Journal of Anaesthesia, 87(1), 47–61. Cross Ref link | Cite this reference
368 Whittington, Z. (2008) Pharmacological aspects of intravenous therapy. In: Dougherty, L. & Lamb, J. (eds) Intravenous Therapy in Nursing Practice, 2nd edn. Oxford: Blackwell, pp.117–140. | Cite this reference
369 Whittlesea, C. & Hodson, K. (eds) (2018) Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, 6th edn. London: Elsevier. | Cite this reference
370 WHO (World Health Organization) (2004) Immunization in Practice: Module 6 – Holding an Immunization Session. Geneva: World Health Organization. | Cite this reference
371 WHO (2008) Medicines: Safety of Medicines – Adverse Drug Reactions. Available at: https://www.who.int/medicines/regulation/medicines‐safety/M_SBN_Jun18.pdf?ua=1 or https://apps.who.int/medicinedocs/en/d/Jh2992e/2.html
372 Wilkes, G. (2018) Chemotherapy: Principles of administration. In: Yarbro, C.H., Wujcik, D. & Holmes Gobel, B. (eds) Cancer Nursing: Principles and Practice, 8th edn. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett, pp.417–496. | Cite this reference
373 Wilkes, G. & Barton‐Burke, M. (2018) 2018 Oncology Nursing Drug Handbook. Sudbury, MA: Jones & Bartlett. | Cite this reference
374 Wilson, K. & Sullivan, M. (2004) Preventing medication errors with smart infusion technology. American Journal of Health System Pharmacists, 61(2), 177–183. Cross Ref link | Cite this reference
375 Wolf, R., Matz, H., Orion, E. & Marcos, B. (2005) Preparing the skin before injecting botulinum toxin: More myth than evidence‐based good judgement. SKINmed: Dermatology for the Clinician, 4(6), 385–396. Cross Ref link | Cite this reference
376 Workman, B. (1999) Safe injection techniques. Nursing Standard, 13(39), 47–52. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
377 Wright, D., Begent, D., Crawford, H., et al. (2017) Medicines Management of Adults with Swallowing Difficulties. Guidelines. Available at: https://www.guidelines.co.uk/dysphagia/swallowing‐difficulties‐medication‐management‐guideline/453844.article
378 Wright, K. (2010) Do calculation errors by nurses cause medication errors in clinical practice? A literature review. Nurse Education Today, 30(1), 85–97. Cross Ref link Pubmed link | Cite this reference
379 Zeind, C.S. & Carvalho, M.G. (eds) (2018) Applied Therapeutics: The Clinical Use of Drugs, 11th edn. Philadelphia: Wolter Kluwer. | Cite this reference

Log in to RMM online

Or use your RMM credentials: